How Tree Roots Can Affect Your Property

Tree roots might be out of sight, but they certainly should not be out of mind, especially when they’re growing near your home. Most trees are an asset to your property, providing beauty, shade and value. But without proper planning and maintenance, their roots can cause some unwelcome issues.

The good news? Most of these problems are entirely preventable with the right care. Whether you are thinking of planting a tree, or are concerned about one that is already established, this guide will help you understand how roots behave, and how to keep things under control.

How tree roots grow

Tree roots are not just growing downwards, they are also spreading outwards. In fact, most tree roots grow horizontally, extending far beyond the edge of the tree’s canopy.

While a small number of deeper roots provide deeper anchorage, around 90% of a tree’s roots are found in the top 60 centimetres of soil.

Roots are drawn towards moisture and nutrients. If the soil around your drains, pipes or foundations is damp, the roots may naturally grow towards them. In some cases, they can make their way into weak or cracked pipes in search of water, or alter the soil composition around a building’s foundations.

Common property problems caused by tree roots

Here are some of the most common issues that can arise when tree roots get too close to buildings or infrastructure:

Drain and pipe damage
Roots can infiltrate older, cracked, or poorly sealed pipes. Once inside, they continue to grow, causing blockages or even breaking the pipe entirely.

Lifting of paving and driveways
Because most roots are shallow, they can push upwards against hard surfaces such as patios, paths or driveways, causing them to lift or crack.

Subsidence or heave
Roots can affect the moisture content of the soil, particularly clay-based soils. As moisture is drawn out, the soil contracts (subsidence). When a large tree is removed, the opposite can happen: moisture levels rise and the ground swells (heave).

Boundary and fence issues
Roots do not stop at property lines. If they spread into a neighbouring garden and start causing damage, it can lead to disputes – especially if damage to fences or structures occurs.

Signs that roots might be causing trouble

You don’t need to dig up your garden to spot potential root issues. Keep an eye out for:

• Cracks in paving or garden walls
• Persistent drainage problems or slow drains
• Uneven ground or signs of heave or subsidence
• Trees leaning or showing signs of stress (this may indicate root disturbance or instability)

If you notice any of these signs, it is worth having a qualified tree surgeon take a closer look.

Prevention and maintenance

As with most things in tree care, prevention is better (and far cheaper) than cure. Here are a few key steps:

Choose the right tree for the right place
Some trees have more vigorous roots than others. Before planting, check the expected mature height and spread, and always leave enough space between the tree and any buildings or structures.

Follow general spacing guidelines
A common rule of thumb is to plant trees at least as far away from a building as their expected mature height. So a tree that will grow to 10 metres tall should ideally be planted 10 metres from your house.

Book regular tree inspections
A professional tree surgeon can identify potential root-related risks before they become a problem. Annual checks are often enough, and are even more important following stormy weather.

Consider root barriers or pruning
If you have a tree near a structure, root pruning or installing a root barrier might help prevent spread. These should always be done by a professional to avoid harming the tree.

What to do if you suspect root damage?

If you think tree roots are already causing problems:

Do not start cutting roots yourself
Removing major roots without professional advice can destabilise the tree and create more problems than it solves.

Call in a qualified tree surgeon
They can assess the health and safety of the tree, advise on next steps, and carry out safe pruning if required.

You may need additional assessments
In some cases, a structural engineer or drainage specialist might be needed to fully understand the issue and prevent further damage.

Check for Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs)
If your tree is protected by a TPO or is in a conservation area, you will need council permission before carrying out any work on roots or branches.

Worried about tree roots? Talk to TH Tree Services.

Tree roots might be hidden underground, but their effects can be very visible, especially if they are allowed to grow unchecked. The key to avoiding costly repairs is understanding how roots behave, planning carefully, and taking action before things go wrong.

With regular inspections and expert support, most root-related issues can be avoided.

Whether you are planning a new tree or concerned about an existing one, the experienced, fully qualified team at TH Trees Ltd is here to help with honest advice and practical solutions.

Contact TH Trees Ltd today to arrange an inspection or for help managing tree roots safely and professionally.

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